Scientific Study

Access to over 2,900 scientific references, studies and publications. This section is constantly updated with studies that have been published in scientific journals.

Back
Products: null

Effect of a low-glycemic index or a high-cereal fiber diet on type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial

Authors: Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, McKeown-Eyssen G, Josse RG, Silverberg J, Booth GL, Vidgen E, Josse AR, Nguyen TH, Corrigan S, Banach MS, Ares S, Mitchell S, Emam A, Augustin LS, Parker TL, Leiter LA
  • Journals: JAMA
  • Pages: 2742-53
  • Volume: Dec 7;300(23)
  • Year: 2008
CONTEXT: Clinical trials using antihyperglycemic medications to improve glycemic control have not demonstrated the anticipated cardiovascular benefits. Low-glycemic index diets may improve both glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors for patients with type 2 diabetes but debate over their effectiveness continues due to trial limitations. OBJECTIVE: To test the effects of low-glycemic index diets on glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. DESIGN; SETTING; AND PARTICIPANTS: A randomized; parallel study design at a Canadian university hospital research center of 210 participants with type 2 diabetes treated with antihyperglycemic medications who were recruited by newspaper advertisement and randomly assigned to receive 1 of 2 diet treatments each for 6 months between September 16; 2004; and May 22; 2007. INTERVENTION: High-cereal fiber or low-glycemic index dietary advice. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Absolute change in glycated hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)); with fasting blood glucose and cardiovascular disease risk factors as secondary measures. RESULTS: In the intention-to-treat analysis; HbA(1c) decreased by -0.18% absolute HbA(1c) units (95% confidence interval [CI]; -0.29% to -0.07%) in the high-cereal fiber diet compared with -0.50% absolute HbA(1c) units (95% CI; -0.61% to -0.39%) in the low-glycemic index diet (P < .001). There was also an increase of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the low-glycemic index diet by 1.7 mg/dL (95% CI; 0.8-2.6 mg/dL) compared with a decrease of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol by -0.2 mg/dL (95% CI; -0.9 to 0.5 mg/dL) in the high-cereal fiber diet (P = .005). The reduction in dietary glycemic index related positively to the reduction in HbA(1c) concentration (r = 0.35; P < .001) and negatively to the increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = -0.19; P = .009). CONCLUSION: In patients with type 2 diabetes; 6-month treatment with a low-glycemic index diet resulted in moderately lower HbA(1c) levels compared with a high-cereal fiber diet.