Long-term Safety Results of Epicutaneous Immunotherapy (EPIT) with Viaskin Peanut in Peanut-Allergic Children Aged 4-11 Years in the Phase 3 PEOPLE Study
Rationale: Previously reported interim results from PEOPLE (PEPITES Open-Label Extension) demonstrated Viaskin Peanut 250 μg (VP250) led to continued treatment response and was well-tolerated out to 3 years. Here we report PEOPLE end-of-study safety results. Methods: In PEPITES, 356 peanut-allergic participants (aged 4-11 years) were randomized to placebo or VP250. In PEOPLE, 298 participants were […]
An Unintentional Randomized Trial of Early Environmental Exposure to Peanut: The Younger Siblings of LEAP Participants
Rationale: The Dual Allergen Exposure Hypothesis proposes that food allergy develops due to cutaneous exposure in the absence of oral consumption. Evaluation of the younger siblings of the Learning Early About Peanut (LEAP) participants provides an opportunity to understand the impact of environmental exposure to peanut during infancy and early childhood on the development of […]
Desensitization and remission after peanut sublingual immunotherapy in 1- to 4-year-old peanut-allergic children: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Background: Prior studies of peanut sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) have suggested a potential advantage with younger age at treatment initiation. Objective: We studied the safety and efficacy of SLIT for peanut allergy in 1- to 4-year-old children. Methods: Peanut-allergic 1- to 4-year-old children were randomized to receive 4 mg peanut SLIT versus placebo. Desensitization was assessed […]
Revised Swedish infant feeding guidelines are associated with earlier introduction of allergenic foods.
Background: Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that early introduction of allergenic foods, such as peanut and egg, can reduce food allergy in high-risk children. Many international guidelines recommend introduction in the first year of life and accordingly, the Swedish National Food agency released updated guidelines in June 2019. Objective: To examine if the age at […]
Oral anaphylaxis to peanut in a mouse model is associated with gut permeability but not with Tlr4 or Dock8 mutations.
Background: The etiology of food allergy is poorly understood; mouse models are powerful systems to discover immunologic pathways driving allergic disease. C3H/HeJ mice are a widely used model for the study of peanut allergy because, unlike C57BL/6 or BALB/c mice, they are highly susceptible to oral anaphylaxis; yet the immunologic mechanism of this strain's susceptibility is […]
Global patterns in anaphylaxis due to specific foods: a systematic review
Background: There are increasing global data relating to prevalence of food allergy and food-induced anaphylaxis, however this is often based on surrogate measures of sensitization rather than objective symptoms at food challenge. In terms of protecting food-allergic consumers from reactions, there has been no global survey assessing geographical differences in the proportion of anaphylaxis triggered […]
Multi-dimensional study of the oral microbiome, metabolite, and immunologic environment in peanut allergy
Background: The oral mucosa is the initial interface between food antigens, microbiota and mucosal immunity, yet little is known about oral host-environment dynamics in food allergy. Objective: To determine oral microbial, metabolic, and immunologic profiles associated with peanut allergy. Methods: We recruited 105 subjects (peanut allergic n=56, healthy subjects n=49) for salivary microbiome profiling using […]
Peanut diversity and specific activity are the dominant IgE characteristics for effector cell activation in children
Background: IgE mediates allergic reactions to peanut; however, peanut-specific IgE (sIgE) levels do not always equate to clinical peanut allergy. Qualitative differences between sIgE of peanut sensitized but tolerant (PS) and peanut allergic (PA) individuals may be important. Objective: To assess the influence of IgE characteristics on effector cell activation in peanut allergy. Methods: A […]
Age and eczema severity, but not family history, are major risk factors for peanut allergy in infancy.
Background: Whether to screen high-risk groups before early peanut introduction is controversial. Objective: We sought to determine the risk of peanut allergy (PA) before peanut introduction for infants with (1) moderate-severe eczema, (2) another food allergy (FA), and/or (3) a first-degree relative with peanut allergy (FH). Methods: Infants aged 4 to 11 months with no history of peanut […]
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. Allergy / peanuts Ara h 2–specific IgE is superior to whole peanut extract–based serology o
Background: Screening of high-risk infants for peanut allergy (PA) before introduction is now recommended in the United States, but the optimal approach is not clear. Objective: We sought to compare the diagnostic test characteristics of peanut skin prick test (SPT), peanut-specific IgE (sIgE), and sIgE to peanut components in a screening population of infants before known peanut […]