Genetic Diversity Between Mouse Strains Allows Identification of CC027/GeniUnc as an Orally Reactive Model of Peanut Allergy.
BACKGROUND: Improved animal models are needed to understand the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to food allergy. OBJECTIVE: Assess food allergy phenotypes in a genetically diverse collection of mice. METHODS: We selected 16 Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse strains, as well as the classic inbred C57BL/6J, C3H/HeJ, and BALB/cJ strains for screening. Female mice were […]
Patterns of tree nut sensitisation and allergy in the first 6 years of life in a population-based cohort.
INTRODUCTION: Longitudinal population-based data regarding tree nut allergy are limited. OBJECTIVES: To determine population prevalence of tree nut allergy at age 6 years, and explore the relationship between egg and peanut allergy at age 1 year and development of tree nut allergy at age 6 years. METHODS: A population-based sample of 5,276 children were recruited […]
Accidental food allergy reactions: products and undeclared ingredients.
BACKGROUND: Accidental allergic reactions to food are frequent, can be severe and even fatal. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the culprit food products and levels of unexpected allergens in accidental reactions. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted in adults (n=157) with a physician-confirmed diagnosed food allergy. During a 1-year follow up, 73 patients reported accidental allergic […]
Advances in the Approach to the Patient with Food Allergy.
Advances in food allergy diagnosis, management, prevention and therapeutic interventions have been significant over the past two decades. Evidence based national and international guidelines have streamlined food allergy diagnosis and management, while paradigm shifting work in primary prevention of peanut allergy has resulted in significant modifications in the approach to early food introduction in infants and toddlers. […]
Genome-wide association study and meta-analysis in multiple populations identifies new loci for peanut allergy and establishes C11orf30/EMSY as a genetic risk factor for food allergy.
BACKGROUND: Peanut allergy (PA) is a complex disease with both environmental and genetic risk factors. Previously, PA loci were identified in filaggrin (FLG) and HLA in candidate gene studies, and loci in HLA were identified in a genome-wide association study and meta-analysis. OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate genetic susceptibility to PA. METHODS: Eight hundred fifty cases and 926 hyper-control subjects and more than 7.8 million genotyped and imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms […]
Food Allergy: A review and update on epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention and management.
This review provides general information to serve as a primer for those embarking on understanding food allergy and also details advances and updates in epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment that have occurred over the four years since our last comprehensive review. Although firm prevalence data are lacking, there is a strong impression that food allergy […]
Food Allergy: Update on Prevention and Tolerance.
Of the many possible hypotheses which explain the recent rise in childhood food allergy, the dual allergen exposure hypothesis has been the most extensively investigated. This chapter serves as a review and update on the prevention of food allergy, and focuses on recently published Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) exploring the efficacy of oral tolerance induction […]
Self-reported adverse food reactions and anaphylaxis in the SchoolNuts study: A population-based study of adolescents.
BACKGROUND: Adolescents are at the highest risk of death from anaphylaxis, yet few population-based studies have described the frequencies and risk factors for allergic reactions caused by accidental allergen ingestion in this group. METHODS: We describe the prevalence, frequency, and associated risk factors for recent adverse food reactions in 10- to 14-year-olds in Melbourne, Australia, […]
The allergen-specificity of early peanut consumption and the impact on the development of allergic disease in the LEAP Study Cohort.
BACKGROUND: Early introduction of dietary peanut in high-risk infants with severe eczema and/or egg allergy prevented peanut allergy at 5 years of age in the LEAP Study; the protective effect persisted after 12 months of avoiding peanuts in the LEAP-On Study. It is unclear whether this benefit is allergen and allergic-disease specific. OBJECTIVE: To assess […]
Reduced risk of peanut sensitization following exposure through breast-feeding and early peanut introduction.
BACKGROUND: Recent trials have shown that avoiding peanuts during infancy increases the risk of peanut allergy; however, these studies did not address maternal peanut consumption. OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate the relationship between maternal peanut consumption while breast-feeding, timing of direct peanut introduction, and peanut sensitization at age 7 years. METHODS: Secondary analysis of a […]