A metabolomics-based approach identifies changes in the small molecular weight compound composition of the peanut as a result of dry-roasting.
Raw peanuts in the USA are subjected to thermal processing, such as dry-roasting, prior to consumption. A multi-instrument metabolomics-based platform along with targeted analyses was used to determine changes in the low-molecular-weight compound composition of peanuts due to dry-roasting. Runner and virginia-type peanut seeds were characterized using several analytical platforms including (RP)/UPLC-MS/MS (positive and negative […]
The effects of different dry roast parameters on peanut quality using an industrial belt-type roaster simulator.
Peanuts roasted to equivalent surface colors at different temperature/time combinations can vary substantially in chemical and physical properties related to product quality. This study used a pilot plant scale roaster that simulates the configurations of one of the most common industrial roaster, a multi-zone belt roaster. Jumbo-size runner-type peanuts were systematically roasted at 5 temperatures […]
Peanuts that keep aflatoxin at bay: A threshold that matters.
Aflatoxin contamination in peanuts poses major challenges for vulnerable populations of sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Developing peanut varieties to combat pre-harvest Aspergillus flavus infection and resulting aflatoxin contamination has thus far remained a major challenge, confounded by highly complex peanut-Aspergilli pathosystem. Our study reports achieving high level of resistance in peanut by over expressing […]
Detection of the Peanut Allergens Ara h 2 and Ara h 6 in Human Breast Milk: Development of 2 Sensitive and Specific Sandwich ELISA Assays.
BACKGROUND: Little is known about breast milk as a vehicle for tolerance development or sensitization to peanuts very early in life. Thus, well-characterized and highly sensitive detection systems for the reliable determination of peanut allergens in breast milk are mandatory. METHODS: For the quantification of the marker allergens Ara h 2 and Ara h 6 […]
Age-Based Causes and Clinical Characteristics of Immediate-Type Food Allergy in Korean Children.
PURPOSE: Age-based causes and clinical characteristics of immediate-type food allergy (FA) have not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, we investigated age-dependent clinical profiles of FA in Korean children through an extensive multicenter investigation. METHODS: Using a case report form developed by the authors, a retrospective medical record review was performed of patients (0-18 years old) diagnosed […]
Small percentage of anaphylactic reactions treated with epinephrine during food challenges in Dutch children.
BACKGROUND: Severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, occur during oral food challenges (OFCs) and the first-line treatment of anaphylaxis is epinephrine. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the percentage of anaphylactic reactions treated with epinephrine during OFCs and to identify associated factors for the administration of epinephrine. METHODS: Children who underwent an OFC with peanut, hazelnut, cow's milk, hen's […]
Oral food challenge outcomes in a pediatric tertiary care center
BACKGROUND: Oral food challenges are the clinical standard for diagnosis of food allergy. Little data exist on predictors of oral challenge failure and reaction severity. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was done on all pediatric patients who had oral food challenges in a tertiary care pediatric allergy clinic from 2008 to 2010. RESULTS: 313 oral […]
Randomized Trial of Peanut Consumption in Infants at Risk for Peanut Allergy
BACKGROUND. The prevalence of peanut allergy among children in Western countries has doubled in the past 10 years, and peanut allergy is becoming apparent in Africa and Asia. We evaluated strategies of peanut consumption and avoidance to determine which strategy is most effective in preventing the development of peanut allergy in infants at high risk for […]
Sensitization profiles to peanut allergens across the United States.
BACKGROUND: Measurement of IgE antibody to peanut components can aid in the prediction of allergic responses the food. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between patient demographics (age, location) and allergic sensitization to peanut components across the United States. METHODS: Serum samples from 12,155 individuals with peanut extract specific IgE levels of 0.35 kUA/L or higher […]
Immune mechanisms of food allergy and its prevention by early intervention.
The environmental factors driving the increase in food allergies are unclear and possibly involve dual exposure to allergens, microbiome-driven effects or other mechanisms. Until they can be better understood, early intervention aiming at establishing oral tolerance provides an effective way to decrease the window-of-risk when children may develop allergic sensitisation to foods due to the […]