Long-term effects of increased dietary polyunsaturated fat from walnuts on metabolic parameters in type II diabetes
Background/Objectives:Most dietary interventions have metabolic effects in the short term; but long-term effects may require dietary fat changes to influence body composition and insulin action. This study assessed the effect of sustained high polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) intake through walnut consumption on metabolic outcomes in type II diabetes.Subjects/Methods:Fifty overweight adults with non-insulin-treated diabetes (mean age […]
Effects of walnut consumption on blood lipids and other cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis and systematic review
BACKGROUND: Consumption of nuts has been associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease events and death. Walnuts in particular have a unique profile: they are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids; which may improve blood lipids and other cardiovascular disease risk factors. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to conduct a literature review and a meta-analysis to combine […]
Effect of Polyphenol-Rich Extract from Walnut on Diet-Induced Hypertriglyceridemia in Mice via Enhancement of Fatty Acid Oxidation in the Liver
The kernel pellicles of walnut are rich in ellagitannins with antioxidative activity. A polyphenol-rich extract from walnuts (WP; 45% polyphenol) was prepared and evaluated for its hypolipidemic effect in high fat diet fed mice. Oral administration of WP (100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly reduced liver weight and liver and serum triglycerides (TG). Hepatic beta-oxidation in […]
Walnuts slow growth of breast cancer tumors
Olive oil and walnut breakfasts reduce the postprandial inflammatory response in mononuclear cells compared with a butter breakfast in healthy men
BACKGROUND: Inflammation is crucial in all stages of atherosclerosis; and few studies have investigated the effect of dietary fat on markers of inflammation related to this disease during the postprandial period. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the chronic effects of dietary fat on the postprandial expression of proinflammatory genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in healthy […]
Omega-6 fatty acids and risk for cardiovascular disease: a science advisory from the American Heart Association Nutrition Subcommittee of the Council on Nutrition; Physical Activity; and Metabolism; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; and Council on Epidem
A large body of literature suggests that higher intakes of omega-6 (or n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) reduce risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). However; for the reasons outlined below; some individuals and groups have recommended substantial reductions in omega-6 PUFA intake. The purpose of this advisory is to review evidence on the relationship between […]
The lipid messenger OEA links dietary fat intake to satiety
The association between fat consumption and obesity underscores the need to identify physiological signals that control fat intake. Previous studies have shown that feeding stimulates small-intestinal mucosal cells to produce the lipid messenger oleoylethanolamide (OEA) which; when administered as a drug; decreases meal frequency by engaging peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-alpha (PPAR-alpha). Here; we report that duodenal […]
A diet rich in walnuts favourably influences plasma fatty acid profile in moderately hyperlipidaemic subjects
OBJECTIVE: To compare two low fat diets one rich in walnuts on parameters of lipid metabolism in a group of hyperlipidaemic subjects. DESIGN: A randomised cross over study. SETTING: Department of Human Nutrition; University of Otago; Dunedin; New Zealand SUBJECTS: Twenty one men with mean (s.d.) levels of total and LDL cholesterol of 6.58 (0.60) […]
Priority Areas for Research on the Intake; Composition; and Health Effects of Tree Nuts and Peanuts
This article summarizes the main conclusions drawn from a conference on the health effects of nut consumption and identifies priority areas for future research. Individuals with higher intakes of nuts generally have higher intakes of many beneficial dietary constituents. More information is needed on nut composition; the bioavailability of nutrients; and other bioactive constituents. Better […]
Dose-dependent effects of walnuts on motor and cognitive function in aged rats
Aged rats show decrements in performance on motor and cognitive tasks that require the use of spatial learning and memory. Previously we have shown that these deficits can be reversed by the polyphenolics in fruits and vegetables. Walnuts; which contain the n-3 fatty acids % walnut diet for 8 weeks before motor and cognitive testing. […]