Effect of anilinopyrimidine resistance on aflatoxin production and fitness parameters in Aspergillus parasiticus Speare
ABSTRACT: Mutants of Aspergillus parasiticus resistant to the anilinopyrimidine fungicides were isolated at a high mutation frequency after UV-mutagenesis and selection on media containing cyprodinil. In vitro fungitoxicity tests resulted in the identification of two predominant resistant phenotypes that were highly (R1-phenotype) and moderately (R2-phenotype) resistant to the anilinopyrimidines cyprodinil; pyrimethanil and mepanipyrim. Cross-resistance studies […]
Evaluation of antimicrobial and physical properties of edible film based on carboxymethyl cellulose containing potassium sorbate on some mycotoxigenic Aspergillus species in fresh pistachios.
Active packaging is a relatively novel concept of packaging that changes the conditions of the packaged food to extend its shelf-life and improve its safety. In this study; antimicrobial effects of carboxymethyl cellulose based-edible film containing potassium sorbate as an antimicrobial agent were studied against Aspergillus flavus (PTCC-5004); Aspergillus parasiticus (PTCC-5286) and Aspergillus parasiticus (PTCC-5018) […]
Ultrasensitive nanogold probe-based immunochromatographic assay for simultaneous detection of total aflatoxins in peanuts.
Abstract: An ultrasensitive immunochromatographic (IC) assay for simultaneous detection of total aflatoxins (AFB1; AFB2; AFG1; and AFG2) was developed to meet the requirement for rapidly monitoring aflatoxins in agro-products. The assay was based on a competitive format and its sensitivity was improved by using a novel criterion to screen the optimal amount of monoclonal antibody […]
Studies on contamination level of aflatoxins in some dried fruits and nuts of Pakistan
The occurrence of aflatoxins in dried fruits and nuts was surveyed in this study. One hundred and eighty samples of dried fruits and nuts were purchased from retail shops and local markets of different locations of NWFP and Northern areas of Pakistan. The samples were analyzed for total aflatoxins by immune affinity (IAC) clean-up with […]
Farmers perceptions; knowledge and management of aflatoxins in groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) in India
Aflatoxins; produced by the fungi Aspergillus flavus Link ex Fries and Aspergillus parasiticus Speare; are the major toxins affecting the quality of groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) meant for human consumption. Groundnuts can be infected with aflatoxin -producing fungi pre-harvest; at harvest and post-harvest. This survey was conducted in Gujarat province in India in order to […]
First Report on Mould and Mycotoxin Contamination of Pistachios Sampled in Algeria
Mycotoxin contamination of pistachios represents a serious food safety hazard. The aim of this study was to evaluate fungal contamination and aflatoxin (AF) and ochratoxin A (OTA) occurrence in pistachio sampled in Algeria and to study the mycotoxigenic capacities of the isolates. A total of 31 pistachio samples were collected from retail outlets from different […]
Correlation between aflatoxin contamination and various USDA grade categories of shelled almonds
The California almond industry is interested in determining if there is a correlation between aflatoxin contamination and almonds classified into various U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) grades. A 12 000 g sample was taken from each of 50 lots of shelled almonds. The almonds in each sample were then partitioned into five USDA grades: high […]
Detoxification of Aflatoxin B1 and Patulin by Enterococcus faecium strains
Aim of the present study was to investigate the detoxification of aflatoxin B1 and patulin from aqueous solution by probiotic culture of Enterococcus faecium M74 and commercial culture of E. faecium EF031. The effect of the bacterial viability; incubation time and pH of the medium on the binding ability was tested. Also; binding stability was […]
Indicators for early identification of re-emerging mycotoxins
The aim of this study was to select the most important indicators for early identification of re-emerging mycotoxins in wheat; maize; peanuts and tree nuts. The study was based on a holistic approach and; consequently; potential indicators were evaluated not only from the food production chain but also from other influential sectors. The study comprised […]
Analysis of genes early expressed during Aspergillus flavus colonisation of hazelnut
Aflatoxins contamination by Aspergillus flavus is a matter of great concern for oil rich crops among which hazelnuts represent economically important agricultural commodities of Mediterranean countries; mainly used as mixed nuts or as ingredients in the bakery and confectionery industries. Since the biosynthetic pathway of aflatoxin biosynthesis has been elucidated in detail; expression analysis of […]