Prospective study of nut consumption; long-term weight change; and obesity risk in women
BACKGROUND: Data concerning the long-term association between nut consumption and weight change in a free-living population are sparse. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine the relation between nut consumption and long-term weight change. DESIGN: The participants were 51;188 women in the Nurses' Health Study II aged 20-45 y; who had no cardiovascular disease; diabetes; or […]
Mastication of almonds: effects of lipid bioaccessibility; appetite; and hormone response
BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic and clinical data indicate that nuts can be incorporated into the diet without compromising body weight. This has been attributed to strong satiety properties; increased resting energy expenditure; and limited lipid bioaccessibility. OBJECTIVE: The role of mastication was explored because of evidence that the availability of nut lipids is largely dependent on the […]
Food patterns measured by factor analysis and anthropometric changes in adults
BACKGROUND: Sixty-five percent of US adults are overweight; and 31% of these adults are obese. Obesity results from weight gains over time; however; dietary determinants of weight gain remain controversial. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to examine whether food patterns derived from exploratory factor analysis are related to anthropometric changes. We hypothesized that we would derive […]
The effect of Korean pine nut oil on in vitro CCK release; on appetite sensations and on gut hormones in post-menopausal overweight women
Appetite suppressants may be one strategy in the fight against obesity. This study evaluated whether Korean pine nut free fatty acids (FFA) and triglycerides (TG) work as an appetite suppressant. Korean pine nut FFA were evaluated in STC-1 cell culture for their ability to increase cholecystokinin (CCK-8) secretion vs. several other dietary fatty acids from […]
The lipid messenger OEA links dietary fat intake to satiety
The association between fat consumption and obesity underscores the need to identify physiological signals that control fat intake. Previous studies have shown that feeding stimulates small-intestinal mucosal cells to produce the lipid messenger oleoylethanolamide (OEA) which; when administered as a drug; decreases meal frequency by engaging peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-alpha (PPAR-alpha). Here; we report that duodenal […]
Almonds vs. complex carbohydrates in a weight reduction program
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of an almond-enriched (high monounsaturated fat; MUFA) or complex carbohydrate-enriched (high carbohydrate) formula-based low-calorie diet (LCD) on anthropometric; body composition and metabolic parameters in a weight reduction program. DESIGN: A randomized; prospective 24-week trial in a free-living population evaluating two distinct macronutrient interventions on obesity and metabolic syndrome-related parameters during […]
An Indian experiment with nutritional modulation in acute myocardial infarction
In a randomized; single-blind intervention trial; 406 patients 24 to 48 hours after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were assigned to either diet A (204 patients; group A) or B (202 patients; group B) for 6 weeks. At entry to the study; mean age; male sex; risk factors; complications; possible and definite AMI; and drug therapy […]
Dietary fats; teas; dairy; and nuts: potential functional foods for weight control?
Functional foods are similar to conventional foods in appearance; but they have benefits that extend beyond their basic nutritional properties. For example; functional foods have been studied for the prevention of osteoporosis; cancer; and cardiovascular disease. They have yet to be related to the prevention of obesity; although obesity is one of the major health […]
Nut consumption and body weight.
Frequent nut consumption is associated with lower rates of coronary artery disease (CAD). Also; nut-rich diets improve the serum lipid profile of participants in dietary intervention trials. However; nuts are fatty foods; and in theory their regular consumption may lead to body weight gain. Because obesity is a major public health problem and a risk […]
Does regular walnut consumption lead to weight gain?
Studies consistently show the beneficial effects of eating nuts; but as high-energy foods; their regular consumption may lead to weight gain. We tested if daily consumption of walnuts (approximately 12 % energy intake) for 6 months would modify body weight and body composition in free-living subjects. Ninety participants in a 12-month randomized cross-over trial were […]