Diet composition and the metabolic syndrome: what is the optimal fat intake?
Two cholesterol-raising fatty acids in the diet; saturated fatty acids and trans fatty acids; increase the serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration. This fact justifies the recommendation of a reduced intake of cholesterol-raising fatty acids. Emerging data suggest that diets higher in unsaturated fatty acids; particularly monounsaturated fatty acids; have several advantages over high-carbohydrate intakes. This […]
Effect on body weight of a free 76 kilojoules (320 calorie) daily supplement of almonds for 6 months.
OBJECTIVE: Regular nut consumption is associated with lower rates of heart attack. However; as nuts are fatty foods; they may in theory lead to weight gain; although preliminary evidence has suggested otherwise. We tested the hypothesis that a free daily supplement (averaging 76 kJ) of almonds for six months; with no dietary advice; would not […]
Effects of appetite; BMI; food form and flavor on mastication: almonds as a test food.
Objectives: To investigate the effects of appetitive sensations; body mass index (BMI) and physical/sensory properties of food (almonds) on masticatory indices and resultant pre-swallowing particle sizes.Subjects/Methods: Twelve lean (BMI=22.2+/-0.3) and 12 obese (BMI=34.3+/-0.6) adults. After collecting appetitive ratings; electromyographic recordings were used to assess participants' microstructure of eating for five almond products (raw; dry unsalted […]
Nut consumption; body weight and insulin resistance.
The beneficial effects of nuts on cardiovascular health are well known. However; since nuts provide a high caloric and fat content; some concern exists regarding a potential detrimental effect on body weight and insulin resistance. The current data available did not support such a negative effect of nut consumption on the short term or when […]
Nut consumption and weight gain in a Mediterranean cohort: The SUN study
OBJECTIVE: To assess the association; in a Mediterranean population; between nut consumption and risk of weight gain (at least 5 kg) or the risk of becoming overweight/obese. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: The Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra project is a prospective cohort of 8865 adult men and women who completed a follow-up questionnaire after a median […]
Effects of chronic peanut consumption on energy balance and hedonics
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of chronic peanut consumption on energy balance and hedonics. DESIGN: Thirty-week, cross-over, intervention study. Participants were provided 2113±494 kJ/day (505±118 kcal/day) as peanuts for 8 weeks with no dietary guidance (free feeding—FF), 3 weeks with instructions to add peanuts to their customary diet (addition—ADD) and 8 weeks where peanuts replaced an equal amount of other […]