Environmental Conditions Affecting Ochratoxin A During Solar Drying of Grapes: The Case of Tunnel and Open Air-Drying.
Drying optimization, to mitigate fungal growth and Ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination is a key topic for raisin and currant production. Specific indicators of environmental conditions and drying properties were analyzed using two seedless grape varieties (Crimson-red and Thompson-white), artificially inoculated with Aspergillus carbonarius under open air and tunnel drying. The air temperature (T), relative humidity, grape surface temperature (Ts) and […]
A preliminary study on mycobiota and ochratoxin a contamination in commercial palm dates (Phoenix dactylifera).
The occurrence of mycotoxins and mycotoxigenic fungi in palm dates has not been thoroughly documented. The aims of the present study were to identify the mycobiota present in commercial date samples (n = 19), to determine the ability of the isolated fungi to produce mycotoxins, and to determine and quantify the presence of OTA in […]
Recent progress in determination of ochratoxin A in foods by chromatographic and mass spectrometry methods
Ochratoxin A is a highly toxic mycotoxin and has posed great threat to human health. Due to its serious toxicity and wide contamination, great efforts have been made to develop reliable determination methods. In this review, analytical methods are comprehensively summarized in terms of sample preparation strategy and instrumental analysis. Detailed method is described according […]
Profiles of fungal metabolites including regulated mycotoxins in individual dried Turkish figs by LC-MS/MS.
Fungal metabolites including regulated mycotoxins were identified by a validated LC-MS/MS method in 180 individual Turkish dried figs from 2017 and 2018 harvests. Hand-selected dried figs were subjectively classified based on the extent of fluorescence. Forty-three fungal metabolites including eight EU-regulated mycotoxins were identified and quantified. Figs classified as being uncontaminated mostly did not contain […]
A preliminary assessment of dietary exposure of ochratoxin A in Central Anatolia Region, Turkey.
The aim of this study was to determine dietary exposure to ochratoxin A (OTA) in Turkish adults. In this study, 500 food samples (50 rice, 50 wheat bread, 50 pasta, 50 raisins, 50 dried figs, 50 pistachios, 50 hazelnuts, 50 almonds, 50 chilli, 25 coffee, and 25 cocoa) collected from Turkey were analysed with a […]
Removal of ochratoxin A from liquid media using novel low-cost biosorbents.
Ground shells of almonds (ALM), hazelnuts (HAZ), walnuts (WAL), and chestnuts (CHE), coconut fiber (COC), spent coffee grounds (COF), and clementine peel (CLE) were used to remove ochratoxin A (OTA) from both water and an ethanol/water mixture (14:86, v/v). Other very efficient adsorbents like wood biochar (BC) and hydrochar (HC) and a humic acid (HA) […]
Effects of temperature and water activity change on ecophysiology of ochratoxigenic Aspergillus carbonarius in field-simulating conditions.
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is the primary mycotoxin threat in wine and dried vine fruits. Its presence in grape and wine is strongly related to climatic conditions and the expected climate change could represent a risk of increasing fungal colonization and OTA contamination in grapes. In this regard, the interacting effect of i) different conditions of […]
Intraspecific variability of growth and ochratoxin A production by Aspergillus carbonarius from different foods and geographical areas.
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a nephrotoxic mycotoxin naturally found in a wide range of food commodities throughout the world. Aspergillus carbonarius is the most important source of OTA in food commodities such as wine, grapes and dried vine fruits and is also responsible for the formation of OTA in coffee. The aim of this study was to determine the […]
Use of a modified QuEChERS method for the determination of mycotoxin residues in edible nuts by nano flow liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry.
A nanoflow liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry method for the quantification of mycotoxins in nuts has been developed. Two strategies based on QuEChERS methodology were evaluated. Thus, EMR-lipid was compared with a conventional mixture of PSA and C18 dispersive solid phase extraction sorbents which have been commonly used in this type of matrices as […]
A risk assessment of dietary exposure to Ochratoxin A for the Polish population.
The aim of this study was to determine the content of ochratoxin A (OTA) using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in selected food products, in the aspect of consumer health hazards. In the study 473 samples of food products, available on the Silesia market in Poland, were analyzed. For the determination of ochratoxin A in food, […]