Dietary intake and food sources of fatty acids in Australian adolescents
BACKGROUND: Dietary fat consumed during childhood and adolescence may be related to the development of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases in adulthood; however; there is a lack of information on specific fatty acid intakes and food sources in these populations. Our study aimed to assess fatty acid intakes in Australian adolescents; compare intakes with national […]
Detoxification of Aflatoxin B1 and Patulin by Enterococcus faecium strains
Aim of the present study was to investigate the detoxification of aflatoxin B1 and patulin from aqueous solution by probiotic culture of Enterococcus faecium M74 and commercial culture of E. faecium EF031. The effect of the bacterial viability; incubation time and pH of the medium on the binding ability was tested. Also; binding stability was […]
Indicators for early identification of re-emerging mycotoxins
The aim of this study was to select the most important indicators for early identification of re-emerging mycotoxins in wheat; maize; peanuts and tree nuts. The study was based on a holistic approach and; consequently; potential indicators were evaluated not only from the food production chain but also from other influential sectors. The study comprised […]
Polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of California almonds depend on cultivar and harvest year
The polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of Nonpareil; Carmel; Butte; Sonora; Fritz; Mission; and Monterey almond cultivars harvested over 3 seasons in California were examined. LC-MS was employed to quantify 16 flavonoids and 2 phenolic acids in acidified methanol extracts of almond skins. The 3-year mean polyphenol content of cultivars ranged from 4.0 to 10.7 […]
Antioxidant activity and phenolic profile of Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.; variety Bronte) seeds and skins
Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.; Anacardiaceae) is native of aride zones of Central and West Asia and distributed throughout the Mediterranean basin. In Italy; a pistachio cultivar of high quality is typical of Bronte (Sicily); an area around the Etna volcano; where the lava land and climate allow the production of a nut with intense green […]
Diet and prostate cancer risk with specific focus on dairy products and dietary calcium: A case-control study
BACKGROUND: Despite the prevalence of prostate cancer worldwide; only a few risk factors have been well-established. The role of diet; especially of dairy products; in the etiology of prostate cancer is still controversial. METHODS: This study assessed the association of dietary components; particularly dairy products and dietary calcium; on prostate cancer risk in a case-control […]
Intake of fiber and nuts during adolescence and incidence of proliferative benign breast disease
OBJECTIVE: We examined the association between adolescent fiber intake and proliferative BBD; a marker of increased breast cancer risk; in the Nurses' Health Study II. METHODS: Among 29;480 women who completed a high school diet questionnaire in 1998; 682 proliferative BBD cases were identified and confirmed by centralized pathology review between 1991 and 2001. Multivariate-adjusted […]
Cross-sectional association of nut intake with adiposity in a Mediterranean population
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Nut intake has been inversely related to body mass index (BMI) in prospective studies. We examined dietary determinants of adiposity in an elderly Mediterranean population with customarily high nut consumption. METHODS AND RESULTS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 847 subjects (56% women; mean age 67 years; BMI 29.7kg/m(2)) at high cardiovascular […]
Bioactive Compounds in Cashew Nut ( Anacardium occidentale L.) Kernels: Effect of Different Shelling Methods
In the present study; the effects of various conventional shelling methods (oil-bath roasting; direct steam roasting; drying; and open pan roasting) as well as a novel "Flores" hand-cracking method on the levels of bioactive compounds of cashew nut kernels were investigated. The raw cashew nut kernels were found to possess appreciable levels of certain bioactive […]
Protective effect of anacardic acids from cashew (Anacardium occidentale) on ethanol-induced gastric damage in mice
Cashew nut-shell liquid and the contained anacardic acids (AAs) have been shown to possess antioxidant; lipoxygenase inhibitory; anti-Helicobacter pylori and antitumor properties. Despite these known effects; hitherto there were no published reports on their likely gastroprotective effects. The present study was designed to verify whether AAs afford gastroprotection against the ethanol-induced gastric damage and to […]