Metabolic resistance mechanisms to phosalone in the common pistachio psyllid; Agonoscena pistaciae (Hem.: Psyllidae)
The common pistachio psyllid; Agonoscena pistaciae; is the most damaging pest of pistachio in Iran; and is generally controlled by insecticides belonging to various classes especially; phosalone. The toxicity of phosalone in nine populations of the pest was assayed using the residual contact vial and insect-dip methods. The bioassay results showed significant discrepancy in susceptibility […]
Acrylamide Formation in Almonds (Prunus dulcis): Influences of Roasting Time and Temperature; Precursors; Varietal Selection; and Storage
Acrylamide is a probable human carcinogen that is found in many roasted and baked foods. This paper describes two sensitive and reliable LC-(ESI)MS/MS methods for the analysis of (1) acrylamide and (2) common acrylamide precursors (i.e.; glucose; fructose; asparagine; and glutamine) in raw and roasted almonds. These methods were used to evaluate the impact of […]
The effect of pistachio shells as a visual cue in reducing caloric consumption
It was hypothesized that pistachio shells left in sight as visual cues of consumption will cause individuals to consume less. A convenience sample of faculty and staff at a mid-western university (n=118) were recruited as subjects for the study. The subjects were told they were going to evaluate a variety of brands of pistachios and […]
Measured energy value of pistachios in the human diet
Previous studies have suggested that lipid from nuts is more poorly absorbed than that from other food sources. If lipid from nuts is poorly absorbed; then the metabolisable energy contained in the nuts is less than that predicted by the Atwater general factors. A crossover feeding study was conducted in which sixteen volunteers consumed pistachios […]
Effect of processing on the drying kinetics and functional value of dried apricot
Apricots can be considered as a good source of phenolic compounds; which are beneficial for human health. Microwaves may be an alternative to the conventional sun or hot air drying techniques used to obtain dried apricot. Nevertheless; their impact on the functional compounds must be taken into account if they are to be recommended as […]
Application of emerging technologies to control Salmonella in foods: A review
Salmonella is one of the major causes of foodborne illnesses in United States and many other parts of the world. The ubiquitous nature of the organisms and innumerous serotypes present in various foods make it challenging for researchers to strive for its elimination. In the past decade; various novel technologies have emerged with great potential […]
Further mycotoxin effects from climate change
Climate change will affect mycotoxins in food. The 2007 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report is reinterpreted herein to account for what may occur with mycotoxins. Warmer weather; heat waves; greater precipitation and drought will have various impacts; depending on which regions of the world and mycotoxin systems are considered. The humidity issues are more […]
Risk of salmonellosis from consumption of almonds in the North American market
Salmonellosis outbreaks from consumption of raw almonds in 2001 and 2004 led to regulations that require mandatory treatment of almonds sold in North America to give a minimum 4-log reduction of Salmonella. This study aims to: 1) assess the risk of salmonellosis associated with almond consumption in North America; with current treatments in effect; 2) […]
The risk of child and adolescent overweight is related to types of food consumed
BACKGROUND/AIMS: To investigate the association between the risk of overweight and the consumption of food groups in children and adolescents. METHODS: We studied 1764 healthy children and adolescents (age 6-19y) attending 16 Seventh-Day Adventist schools and 13 public schools using a 106-item non-quantitative food frequency questionnaire from the late 1980 Child-Adolescent Blood Pressure Study. Logistic […]
Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men
BACKGROUND: Specific dietary and other lifestyle behaviors may affect the success of the straightforward-sounding strategy "eat less and exercise more" for preventing long-term weight gain. METHODS: We performed prospective investigations involving three separate cohorts that included 120;877 U.S. women and men who were free of chronic diseases and not obese at baseline; with follow-up periods […]