Plant extracts such as pine nut shell, peanut shell and jujube leaf improved the antioxidant ability and gas permeability of chitosan films.

In order to develop the antioxidant and gas permeability packaging film, the effects of three plant extracts (pine nut shell, peanut shell and jujube leaf) on the physical, antioxidative and structural properties of chitosan based biodegradable films were studied. The results showed that three plant extracts improved the antioxidant capacity of films. The DPPH radical […]

Sustained Successful Peanut Oral Immunotherapy Associated with Low Basophil Activation and Peanut-Specific IgE.

Background: Oral immunotherapy (OIT) can successfully desensitize many peanut allergic subjects, but clinical tolerance diminishes over time upon discontinuation, or low dose maintenance, of peanut. Therefore, in order to improve the efficacy and sustainability of such therapy, we sought to identify biomarkers and clinical tools that can predict therapeutic outcomes and monitor treatment responses. Objective: We evaluated […]

Accuracy of component‐resolved diagnostics in peanut allergy: systematic literature review and meta‐analysis.

Background: Peanut allergy diagnosis relies on clinical reactivity to peanut supported by detection of specific IgE (sIgE) antibodies. Extract-based sIgE tests have low specificity, so component-resolved diagnostics may complement whole extract testing. Methods: We systematically collected peanut allergen component data in seven databases and studied the diagnostic accuracy of peanut storage proteins (Arah1, 2, 3), and cross-reactive […]

Determining Levers of Cost-effectiveness for Screening Infants at High Risk for Peanut Sensitization Before Early Peanut Introduction.

Importance: Early peanut introduction reduces the risk of developing peanut allergy, especially in high-risk infants. Current US recommendations endorse screening but are not cost-effective relative to other international strategies. Objective: To identify scenarios in which current early peanut introduction guidelines would be cost-effective. Design, setting, and participants: This simulation/cohort economic evaluation used microsimulations and cohort analyses in a […]

Dual transcriptomic and epigenomic study of reaction severity in peanut allergic children.

Background: Unexpected allergic reactions to peanut are the most common cause of fatal food-related anaphylaxis. Mechanisms underlying the variable severity of peanut allergic reactions remain unclear. Objectives: To expand mechanistic understanding of reaction severity in peanut allergy. Methods: We performed an integrated transcriptomic and epigenomic study of peanut allergic children as they reacted in vivo during double-blind, placebo-controlled […]

Evaluation of the epidemiology of peanut allergy in the United Kingdom.

Aims: To describe the epidemiology of peanut allergy (PA) in the UK over the last three decades. Methods: PA patients were identified from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink between 1987 and 2015. Incidence and prevalence of PA were compared between 2000 and 2015. Prevalence and relative risk (RR) of atopic comorbidities, anaphylaxis, adrenaline prescriptions versus […]

Undeclared allergens in imported packaged food for retail in Australia.

The Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code (the Code) requires a declaration of the presence of 11 different allergens made through the label on a food product. Most food recalls in Australia are now due to undeclared allergens. This survey determined the extent of undeclared allergens in imported food products on the Asian retail market in Australia. […]

Peanut Oral Immunotherapy: State of the Art.

Cumulative evidence shows that peanut oral immunotherapy (OIT) is effective at inducing desensitization through downregulation of effector pathways in the allergic reaction cascade; however, only a subset of patients achieve sustained unresponsiveness (remission), which requires redirection of the underlying allergic response toward tolerance. A recent meta-analysis of peanut OIT randomized trials found that OIT is […]

Phase 2a randomized, placebo-controlled study of anti-IL-33 in peanut allergy.

BACKGROUNDIL-33, found in high levels in participants with allergic disorders, is thought to mediate allergic reactions. Etokimab, an anti-IL-33 biologic, has previously demonstrated a good safety profile and favorable pharmacodynamic properties in many clinical studies.METHODSIn this 6-week placebo-controlled phase 2a study, we evaluated the safety and the ability of a single dose of etokimab to […]